Written by Ad OpsOverview
CBD #1 x Panama is a mostly sativa hybrid from ACE Seeds that blends the calm, functional clarity of a CBD-dominant parent with the electric tropical character of the breeder’s famed Panama line. Designed for users seeking an uplifting yet non-intoxicating daytime experience, it marries classic Central American sativa vigor with modern cannabinoid balance. The result is a cultivar that feels lively and bright while keeping psychoactivity modest and manageable.
In practice, this cross tends to deliver a vivid bouquet of citrus, pink pepper, and rainforest herbs over a resinous, floral base. The flowers are typically lime-green with scarlet pistils, true to the Panama heritage, and often develop a crystalline finish even when the bud structure stays feathery. Growers appreciate its adaptable habit and robust constitution, paired with a terpene output that rewards careful curing.
CBD #1 x Panama stands out amid a market still dominated by high-THC offerings. While varieties like Purple Kush Autoflower often post 15–20% THC and minimal CBD, this cross aims in the opposite direction. It offers appreciable CBD with restrained THC, prioritizing clarity and relief over intensity and impairment.
History and Breeding Context
ACE Seeds has spent years curating and stabilizing lines from Central and South America, with Panama among its signature sativas. That Panama work draws on red-stemmed and incense-heavy Panamanian lines selected for soaring effect, red pistils, and a spicy, floral-citrus nose. Parallel to that sativa program, ACE introduced CBD #1 to address consumer demand for gentler, CBD-forward chemotypes.
CBD #1 x Panama brings those paths together, targeting a modern therapeutic profile without sacrificing Panama’s tropical personality. The breeding goal is to temper the racy potential of old-school sativas with CBD’s moderating properties. That approach reflects a broader shift in the market toward functional cannabis that fits daytime routines without anxiety or over-stimulation.
Genealogical records for newer crosses can be complex or incomplete, as public strain databases illustrate. Seed catalogs and community resources often track parents and descendants across numerous releases, and gaps are common in early documentation. The point is that while we know the named parents here, phenotypic expression still varies as with most polyhybrid cannabis.
Culturally, the cross pays homage to the wider Caribbean-Andean sativa belt that produced classics like Colombian Gold. Colombian Gold is a Santa Marta landrace known for fluffy, crystal-coated buds and luminous, buoyant effects. Panama lines share a kinship with that profile, translating into airy structure, high resin density, and bright, lemon-herbal terpenes.
Genetic Lineage and Heritage
The lineage is straightforward on paper: a CBD-forward parent (CBD #1) crossed to ACE Seeds’ Panama. CBD #1 supplies the chemotype steering toward higher cannabidiol and lower tetrahydrocannabinol. Panama contributes the classic tropical sativa architecture, red pistils, and the peppery, citrus-incense terpene ensemble.
In practice, the cross segregates into two broad chemotype families depending on selection and environment. One leans CBD-dominant, characterized by CBD:THC ratios that can range into double digits, producing very mild intoxication. The other leans closer to balanced outcomes where THC rises just enough to add sparkle but still stays gentle against a CBD buffer.
Expect mostly sativa morphological features to dominate across phenotypes. Stems are internode-spaced and flexible, lateral branching is pronounced, and apical dominance is present but can be managed with early training. Bud density remains medium to medium-light, with foxtailing possible in heat or high light intensity.
While each seed pack contains diversity, ACE’s Panama parent tends to assert a consistent aromatic core. Notes of lemon peel, pink peppercorn, and fresh-cut bay leaf read as signatures of the tropical sativa side. CBD #1 reins in edginess and softens the overall ride, shaping a cultivar that remains lively but accessible.
Appearance and Morphology
CBD #1 x Panama generally presents medium height indoors and taller profiles outdoors, with a classic sativa silhouette. Internodal spacing averages longer than indica-leaning hybrids, and the plant takes well to screen-and-train setups to fill horizontal space. Fan leaves are slender with long petioles, easing airflow and lowering the risk of moisture-related issues in dense gardens.
The buds are lime-green to spring-green with prominent reddish to orange pistils, especially in later flower. Calyxes stack in loose spires that can foxtail under high PPFD or heat, but they retain a resinous sheen. Trichomes often appear large-headed and plentiful, giving a crystal-dusted look that belies the bud’s feathery texture.
Stems thicken progressively through mid flower, supporting spears that can extend 20–35 cm on trained plants. Indoors, top colas tend to be longer and narrower than golf-ball dense, making the cultivar ideal for even canopies and good light penetration. Outdoors, the plant can reach 1.8–2.7 meters in favorable climates, with lateral arms forming a balanced, vase-like structure.
Aroma and Bouquet
The bouquet leans citrus-herbal with a peppery accent, reflecting Panama’s classic nose backed by CBD #1’s gentler resin tone. Early flower often smells of fresh lemon zest, green mango skin, and sweet hay. As terpenes mature, pink peppercorn, bay leaf, and incense drift to the forefront.
Breaking a cured flower releases more oil-citrus and faint tropical florals. Some phenotypes add a hint of guava or underripe papaya, especially when grown under strong lighting and cured long and slow. A dry pull on a joint might reveal sage, lemongrass, and a clean, resinous woodiness.
For growers comparing indoor to outdoor expression, the differences can be notable but not necessarily in favor of indoor. Contrary to a persistent myth, well-grown outdoor cannabis can be as terpene-rich as indoor, and sometimes more, thanks to full-spectrum sunlight and broader diurnal swings. CBD #1 x Panama responds particularly well to those environmental cues, often intensifying citrus-pepper top notes under open skies.
Flavor and Palate
On the palate, CBD #1 x Panama delivers bright, zesty entry flavors anchored by a soft resin sweetness. Vaporized at low temperatures, expect lemon oil, lime blossom, and a touch of sweet basil. Higher temperatures or combustion reveal pink pepper, cedar shavings, and a delicate, incense-like finish.
The aftertaste is clean and lingering, with faint grapefruit pith and herbal tea. Some phenotypes exhibit a mild tropical candy echo, as if mango rind and lemongrass met in a tonic. That echo tends to strengthen with a 3–4 week cure in stable humidity and glass.
Compared with sweeter dessert cultivars, this profile is more herbal and spice-forward. It does not aim for pastry-like richness but rather a refreshing, sippable character suited to daytime use. The result is nuanced and repeatable across sessions without palate fatigue.
Cannabinoid Profile and Ratios
Because this is a CBD-focused cross with a sativa heritage, lab results tend to cluster around CBD-dominant or balanced chemotypes. In CBD-dominant expressions, growers commonly report CBD in the mid-to-high single digits up to the low teens by dry weight, with THC restrained to low single digits. That can translate to CBD:THC ratios on the order of 8:1 to 20:1 depending on phenotype and cultivation.
Balanced phenotypes may present closer to 2:1 to 5:1 CBD:THC, retaining a clear-headed demeanor with a mildly psychoactive halo. Environmental factors such as light intensity, harvest timing, and cure influence total cannabinoid yield. Harvesting at peak trichome cloudiness, rather than waiting for heavy ambering, generally preserves a lively effect profile aligned with this cultivar’s intent.
For context, market staples often skew the other way. Popular high-THC varieties frequently test at 18–25% THC with negligible CBD, while CBD-forward strains trade absolute potency for function and tolerability. This cross is squarely in the latter category, building a daily-driver niche distinct from high-octane options.
Users transitioning from high-THC strains should anticipate a very different ceiling and a wider therapeutic window. Titration is straightforward because CBD blunts THC-related intensity while maintaining subtle uplift. The combination supports focus and mood without the impairment typical of stronger psychoactive chemovars.
Terpene Profile and Volatile Chemistry
CBD #1 x Panama typically expresses a terpene profile led by terpinolene, limonene, and beta-caryophyllene, with supportive roles for ocimene, myrcene, and alpha-pinene. Terpinolene often imparts the citrus-herbal and slightly floral top notes that feel quintessentially tropical sativa. Limonene contributes bright lemon and mood-elevating freshness, while beta-caryophyllene adds peppery spice and engages CB2 receptors.
Total terpene content in well-grown cannabis often falls in the 1–4% range by weight, and outdoor-grown flower can land at the high end with proper curing. Field sunlight and broader spectral exposure can deepen terpene synthesis, a point emphasized by cultivation research and industry reporting. This aligns with observations that well-managed outdoor CBD #1 x Panama can match or exceed indoor terpene richness.
Ocimene and pinene together can yield brisk, “green” aromatics reminiscent of cut herbs and conifer tips. Myrcene, though sometimes lower in terpinolene-driven sativas, may still contribute to body ease and resinous sweetness. Minor compounds like linalool and nerolidol occasionally appear, rounding florals and softening edges.
Compared to heavy gas-forward cultivars such as Donny Burger, where caryophyllene, limonene, and myrcene pair with diesel-skunk notes, this cross keeps the nose cleaner and more citrus-wood. The absence of dominant fuel esters gives it a bright, breathable profile suitable for daytime use. That makes it a refreshing complement to heavier evening strains.
Experiential Effects and User Reports
Expect CBD #1 x Panama to deliver a clear, buoyant lift without the jittery edge sometimes associated with classic sativas. The onset is typically quick but gentle, introducing mental brightness, light motivation, and a subtle sense of calm focus. Body sensations are mild, with a touch of neck-and-shoulder ease that does not drift into sedation.
As the session unfolds, mood support becomes more apparent. Many users describe creative openness and social ease, similar to the initial cerebral spark reported in some modern uplifting hybrids. However, the CBD backbone curbs runaway stimulation, maintaining a steady cruise altitude for tasks and conversation.
Compared with high-THC daytime strains that can become racy, this cross favors composure. The psychological bandwidth remains broad, so activities like reading, light exercise, and chores feel accessible. Appetite stimulation is generally soft, and the comedown is smooth with minimal fog.
Those accustomed to intense euphoria may find the experience understated. Framed properly, it functions more like a sparkling herbal tonic than a potent cocktail. That repeatable, gentle arc is the point: a consistent, functional daytime companion.
Potential Medical Uses and Evidence
CBD-dominant cultivars are widely explored for stress modulation, mood support, and inflammatory discomfort. CBD interacts with multiple receptor systems, indirectly influencing 5-HT1A signaling and moderating neurotransmission implicated in anxiety and stress reactivity. In clinical contexts, purified CBD has shown benefit in certain seizure disorders, and while whole-plant outcomes vary, the risk profile for CBD is favorable in adults.
For pain and inflammation, preclinical and clinical studies point to CBD’s potential in neuropathic and inflammatory pathways. Beta-caryophyllene’s CB2 activity adds a complementary anti-inflammatory angle, and terpinolene-limonene profiles often subjectively uplift mood. Users commonly report relief rated as moderate rather than dramatic, but with high tolerability and day-long functionality.
Sleep support with this cultivar is more indirect, arising from daytime stress reduction rather than strong sedation. Myrcene, when present in meaningful amounts, may assist body relaxation without counteracting sativa clarity. Many consumers prefer such balance for maintaining productivity while gently smoothing anxiety edges.
Importantly, THC’s moderation here broadens the therapeutic window for sensitive individuals. People who find high-THC strains counterproductive due to anxiety or racing thoughts often tolerate CBD-rich chemotypes more comfortably. Compared to high-THC strains with low CBD, adverse cognitive effects such as short-term memory disturbance and acute intoxication are less prominent.
No cannabis product should be considered a treatment for a specific disease without medical oversight, and individual responses vary. Nonetheless, user patterns suggest utility for daytime anxiety, tension headaches, menstrual discomfort, and post-exercise soreness. The cultivar’s steady pharmacodynamic profile encourages gradual titration and observant self-tracking.
Comprehensive Cultivation Guide
Environment and climate: As a mostly sativa hybrid, CBD #1 x Panama appreciates strong, even lighting and ample vertical space. Indoors, target 700–900 µmol/m²/s PPFD in mid flower, rising carefully to 900–1100 µmol/m²/s if CO2 and nutrition are dialed. Temperatures of 24–27°C lights on and 20–22°C lights off with 50–60% RH in veg and 45–50% in flower are suitable baselines.
Outdoor cultivation thrives in temperate to warm regions with long, stable autumns. Full-spectrum sun can intensify terpenes and resin as long as the root zone stays well-aerated. As industry reporting underscores, outdoor-grown flower can match or exceed indoor terpene richness when managed properly, and this cultivar is no exception.
Growth habit and training: Expect moderate internodal spacing and vigorous lateral branching. Low-stress training, topping at the 5th–6th node, and SCROG setups help create an even canopy and control height. Defoliation should be modest and staged to maintain airflow without shocking the plant.
Substrate and nutrition: A living soil with balanced aeration (e.g., 35–40% pumice/perlite) supports the cultivar’s appetite and root oxygenation. Nitrogen needs are moderate in veg but taper early in flower to avoid leafy spears. Supplement with calcium and magnesium, maintain adequate sulfur for terpene biosynthesis, and provide silica for stem strength.
Irrigation: In coco or soilless systems, frequent, smaller irrigations to 10–15% runoff can maintain steady EC and oxygen in the rhizosphere. In soil, allow drybacks that reach the top knuckle before watering again, adjusting by pot size and VPD. Overwatering leads to lanky growth and delayed flowering, while underwatering restricts terpene development.
Vegetative period: Indoors, a 4–6 week veg allows sufficient lateral development before the stretch. Plant counts of 4–6 per m² work well when trained under a screen. Keep RH in the 55–65% range early, tapering to 50–55% as nodes stack.
Flowering time: Phenotypes typically finish in the sativa window, commonly in the 9–11 week range from flip depending on selection and environment. Balanced expressions may finish slightly faster, while the most Panama-leaning can push later. Compared to indica-dominant hybrids that finish in 8–9 weeks, this cultivar benefits from patience to hit peak aromatic density.
Canopy management in flower: Guide tops through the screen for even light, and remove lower growth that never reaches the canopy. Light defoliation around week 3 and week 6 helps airflow. Keep VPD around 1.2–1.4 kPa mid-flower to balance stomatal conductance and disease pressure.
Feeding strategy: Early flower enjoys a slight phosphorus and potassium bump, but avoid overdriving P which can mute terpenes. Micronutrients like boron and zinc support flower formation; deficiencies show quickly in fast-growing sativas. Finish with a 10–14 day taper or water-only period to encourage a clean burn and refined palate.
Pest and disease management: The airy bud structure reduces bud rot risk compared to very dense cultivars, but high humidity can still trigger botrytis late in flower. Maintain airflow with oscillating fans and good canopy spacing. For IPM, rotate beneficials like predatory mites and use horticultural oils in veg only, observing re-entry intervals.
Outdoor planning: Plant in late spring after frost, in a site with at least 8–10 hours of direct sun. Staking or trellising is important as long colas develop; wind stress can snap tops otherwise. Choose cultivars in the garden that finish similarly to simplify harvest logistics.
Yield expectations: With good training, indoor growers can target 400–550 g/m² in dialed environments and more in high-efficiency rooms. Outdoors, plants in 50–100 L containers or raised beds can produce 400–900 g per plant, depending on season length and management. Yields prioritize quality and terpene expression over brute density.
Harvest timing: Evaluate with a 60–100× scope, looking for mostly cloudy trichomes with 5–10% amber on upper colas. Harvesting at this window preserves bright terpenes and a sparkling, focused effect rather than a heavier body tone. Lower sites may lag by a few days; staggered harvests can optimize the whole plant.
Dry and cure: Aim for 18–20°C and 55–60% RH in a dark, ventilated space, targeting a 10–14 day dry until small stems snap cleanly. Jar at 60–62% RH, burping daily for the first week, then weekly for 3–4 weeks. Many phenotypes bloom aromatically after week 3 of cure as citrus-pepper and floral notes knit together.
Chemotype selection: If your goal is a stronger CBD:THC ratio, select mothers that test with CBD in the high single digits or low teens and THC in low single digits. For a slightly more sparkling ride, keep balanced phenos that still lean CBD but show a brighter top-end. In both cases, keep notes on vigor, internode spacing, and resin coverage to refine your keeper choice.
Comparative notes: Time-to-finish is longer than many indica-forward hybrids and similar to other sativa-leaning varieties that run 9–11 weeks. As a data point, modern hybrids like Donny Burger list 8–10 weeks, showing how this cross may need the extra week to polish terpenes. The payoff is an aromatic profile that reads clean and bright, especially after a careful cure.
Post-harvest product forms: The cultivar excels as flower and light rosin, where citrus-herbal terpenes stay intact. If making tinctures, decarb gently to preserve volatile terpenes, and consider pairing with MCT for efficient cannabinoid solubility. CBD-forward chemotypes are well suited to daytime tinctures because dosing can be scaled without overwhelming psychoactivity.
Outdoor myth-busting and strategy: Ignore the myth that outdoor flower is inherently less flavorful than indoor; controlled agronomy and sun exposure can produce outstanding terpene levels. Choose well-drained soil, mulching to regulate moisture and soil temperature. Plan for preventative IPM and harvest before seasonal rains to protect fluffy colas from late-season botrytis.
Concluding Notes
CBD #1 x Panama positions itself as a modern classic for daytime function: bright, herbal-citrus aromatics, a clear and composed lift, and a CBD-forward cannabinoid frame. It honors the tropical sativa tradition while solving the problem of over-stimulation through cannabidiol’s moderating influence. For many, that translates to repeatable sessions that enhance creativity and ease without tipping into anxiety.
In markets where high-THC varieties dominate awards and headlines, CBD-driven cultivars continue to carve a loyal niche. Yearly roundups often spotlight potent, terpene-rich winners, yet consumer demand for clarity and tolerability keeps rising. This cross meets that demand with character and craft.
Whether you grow it for personal wellness or select it as a daily-use flower, success comes from patience, canopy management, and a disciplined cure. The payoff is a profile that is refreshing and precise, with lemon-pepper sparkle and a calm, steady mind. In a crowded field, CBD #1 x Panama’s balance and poise feel unmistakably its own.
